Human civilization probably the most developed civilization on the planet which is because of medicine and pharmaceutical manufacturing sciences. Prehistoric man used plants and herbs around him to deal with illnesses and injuries. From the period pharmacy has greatly developed.
Pharmacy and pharmaceutical developing goes back to sixth century B. C. Sumerians used tablets to cure illnesses during sixth century B. C. Utilization of medicines known as ARIANA is pointed out in Sushruta Samhita, a literature in Indian Ayurveda. Pharmaceutical works are available in many ancient civilizations. Pharmaceutical manufacturing techniques are available on Egyptian papyrus scrolls around 15th -16th century B. C. Utilization of pharmaceutical drugs are available in Chinese ancient book Shennong Bencao Jing during reign of Han empire in first century A. D.
Greek pharmacist Pedanius Dioscoridens authored a magazine known as De Materia Medica associated with various pharmaceutical products as well as their manufacturing. During seventh-ninth century A. D., pharmacists and pharmacy stores emerged in Japan and middle-eastern countries. As pharmacy is combined use of chemistry and biology, with growth and development of chemistry and biology, pharmacy was created in middle-east.
Zakaria Rhazes, Zahrawi, Sabur Ibn Sahl around 865-1013 A. D gave information on utilization of various medicines. During 973-1050 A. D. Al Biruni authored on pharmaceutical manufacturing sciences in the book known as Kitab-Al-Saydalah, by which he gave good description of qualities of various drugs. Al Muwaffaq authored how oxides and silicic acidity may be used in management of illnesses. Also he labored on harmful toxins like copper compounds during tenth century A. D.
Europeans developed pharmacy shops around twelfth century. The earliest working pharmacy store is within Tries, Germany. It had been opened up in 1241. European metropolitan areas like Croatia opened up pharmacies in 1317 and still working. As people came to understand about illnesses like rabies, smallpox, etc., people began focusing on drugs or vaccines against such illnesses. Edward Jenner pioneered the concept of vaccination. He produced small pox vaccine using his discovery of cow pox virus supplying immunity against small pox virus.
Using the rise in technology in twentieth century, drugs were created on massive. In decade of 1950 drugs were manufactured thinking about human body. Drugs like valium, paracetamol, etc. Were produced in 1960. During 1980s, many new pharmaceutical companies joined together developing big pharmaceutical companies.
Lipitor, a cholesterol pill created by Pfizer is better selling drug today. Also drugs like acid reflux pill known as Astra-Zeneca and Bronchial asthma inhaler known as Advair will also be offered in great figures. Manley and Manley, glaxo cruz Kline, Bayer, cipla, etc. Are leading pharmaceutical manufacturers.
Safety and reliability are visible in today’s drugs. Medicine is tested in laboratories and in the conclusions, quantity of dose, expiry date and age limit is made the decision. Todays pharmaceutical companies focus on rules of safety and conditions and terms recognized globally. Various kinds of drugs like dental tablets, capsules, syrups or injectables can be found.
Pharmaceutical sciences is going to be crucial later on. To this day there’s no cure on illnesses like AIDS and cancer. Many medicines have negative effects. New illnesses like h1n1 virus and bird flu are emerging. Hence, it is important to develop pharmaceutical manufacturing sciences further.
